Rinkhals

A distinctive spitting cobra relative that often feigns death. Bites can cause neurotoxic and cytotoxic envenoming.

FamilyElapidae

GenusHemachatus

RegionAfricaSouthern Africa

Photo: (c) nmoorhatch, some rights reserved (CC BY) · Source: Wikimedia Commons · License: CC BY 4.0

Rinkhals

Photo: (c) nmoorhatch, some rights reserved (CC BY) · Source: Wikimedia Commons · License: CC BY 4.0

Rinkhals

Danger Score

Final Danger Score

Venom Core

Lethality weighted 55% (potency × yield). Clinical weighted 45% (real-world CFR).

0.55 × 54 + 0.45 × 4047.7

Modifiers

Multiplicative scalers - amplify or reduce existing danger, can't create it from nothing.

× Speed (1.01)48.2

× Delivery (1.00)48.2

× Encounter (0.86)41.4

Speed = antivenom window. Delivery = fang efficiency. Encounter = exposure × temperament.

Score41

Venom Profile

Type

NeurotoxicAffects the nervous system; disrupts nerve-muscle communication and can cause paralysis or respiratory failure.,CytotoxicDestroys cells and damages tissue; can cause permanent tissue damage and disfigurement.

Venom Yield

Moderate

Venom Speed

Quick

Delivery Method

Fixed front fangs

Potency (SC Equivalent)

1.500mg/kg LD50

Max Dry Yield

80mg dry

Clinical Severity

Fatality (Untreated)

3-10%

WHO Importance

Cat. 2

Local Effects

Pain at bite site, Swelling, Severe eye irritation (from spit), Tissue damage, Necrosis

Neurological

Numbness or tingling, Difficulty breathing

Gastrointestinal

Nausea or vomiting

Causes of Death

Respiratory failure